HIMOYASIZ INTEGRATSIYA? YEVROOSIYO IQTISODIY ITTIFOQIGA A’ZOLIK, MEHNAT MUHOJIRLARINING HUQUQLARI VA UY XO‘JALIKLARI BARQARORLIGI: QIRG‘IZISTON VA O‘ZBEKISTON (2008-2026)

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Mehnat iqtisodiyoti va inson kapitali · 4 · 2026

Annotatsiya

Mintaqaviy iqtisodiy integratsiya norasmiy mehnat migratsiyasini huquqlarga asoslangan migratsiyaga aylantirib, mehnat muhojirlarini himoya qiladi, deb taxmin qilinadi. Maqolada ushbu taxmin 2015-yildan buyon Yevroosiyo iqtisodiy ittifoqi (YeOII) a’zosi bo‘lgan Qirg‘iziston hamda fuqarolari Rossiyada patent tizimi asosida ishlaydigan, YeOIIda kuzatuvchi maqomiga ega O‘zbekistonni taqqoslash orqali tekshiriladi. Adabiyotlarning tizimli sharhi va uchta tashqi zarbaning (2008-2009, 2014-2016 va 2024-2026-yillar) qiyosiy-tarixiy tahlili asosida quyidagilar aniqlandi. Birinchidan, rubl inqirozi davrida a’zolikning “huquqiy ustunligi” real bo‘lgan: 2015-2016-yillarda Rossiyadagi Qirg‘iziston fuqarolari soni 7,6 foizga oshgan, Tojikiston va O‘zbekiston fuqarolari soni esa mos ravishda 10,6 va 16,3 foizga kamaygan. Ikkinchidan, maqomdan qat’i nazar qo‘llanayotgan sekyuritizatsiya choralari bu ustunlikni teskarisiga o‘zgartirdi: 2024-2025yillarning uchinchi choraklari oralig‘ida Qirg‘iziston fuqarolarining Rossiyaga kirishi 23,9 foizga, O‘zbekiston fuqarolariniki esa 15,0 foizga qisqargan. Uchinchidan, a’zolik “konsentratsiya tuzog‘i” bilan birga kechmoqda: Qirg‘izistonga keladigan pul o‘tkazmalarining qariyb 93 foizi Rossiyadan tushadi, O‘zbekiston esa migratsiya yo‘nalishlarini tezroq diversifikatsiya qilmoqda. Maqolada integratsiya maqomi himoya qiymati qabul qiluvchi davlatning siyosiy tanloviga bog‘liq bo‘lgan migratsiya instituti sifatida talqin qilinadi hamda ikki mamlakat uchun uy xo‘jaliklari darajasidagi tadqiqot dizaynlari va siyosiy choralar taklif etiladi.

Kalit so‘zlar

Yevroosiyo iqtisodiy ittifoqi, mehnat migratsiyasi, muhojirlar huquqlari, pul o‘tkazmalari, uy xo‘jaliklari barqarorligi, sekyuritizatsiya


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